What stage of mitosis is characterized by chromosomes aligning at the equatorial plane?

• A. Prophase
• B. Telophase
• C. Metaphase
• D. Anaphase

Answer: (C)

The stage of mitosis characterized by chromosomes aligning at the equatorial plane is known as metaphase. During this phase, the chromosomes, which are already duplicated and consist of two sister chromatids, line up along the middle of the cell, referred to as the metaphase plate. This precise alignment is critical for ensuring that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes when the cell divides.

In metaphase, the spindle fibers, emanating from the centrosomes, attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes, helping to coordinate their alignment. This organization ensures that all chromosomes are properly positioned for the subsequent separation during anaphase, where the sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles of the cell. Proper function during this stage is essential for accurate cell division and the maintenance of chromosome number across generations of cells.